Blockchain Infrastructure

What is sharding in blockchain?

Sharding is a scaling technique that splits a blockchain into smaller parallel partitions, called shards, so the network can process many transactions at once instead of every node handling all of them. Each shard maintains its own slice of data and transaction load, and the shards report back to a coordinating layer. For example, if a chain runs four shards, four groups of validators can work simultaneously, raising total capacity. The aim is higher throughput without forcing every node to store the entire chain, though it adds complexity around cross-shard communication and security.