A rollup is a scaling method that executes transactions off the main blockchain, bundles them together, and posts a compressed record back to the base chain for security. There are two main types: optimistic rollups, which assume transactions are valid and allow a window to challenge them, and zero-knowledge rollups, which submit a cryptographic proof of validity. For example, a rollup might process 500 transfers off-chain and settle them to Ethereum as one entry, cutting cost per transfer. Rollups underpin most Layer 2 networks, a structural detail Qatobit's documented methodology takes into account.
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